Heart Dissection Lab

Lab Questions:
1. The pericardium, a outer fibrous layer and inner double layer of serous membrane, surrounds, protect, and keep the heart in place.

2. We observed that the veins are much thinner than the arteries because they carry blood back to the heart, while arteries carry blood away from the heart and to the rest of the body.

3. The auricles had a rough surface and they are the external part of the atria that increase the blood capacity which results in enabling it to expand and hold a larger amount of blood.

4. The atria have auricles on the top and are smaller than the ventricles, which are covered externally in fat.

5. The coronary sinus takes blood from the coronary veins to the right atrium of the heart. The inferior vena cava is a large vein that collects deoxygenated blood from parts of the body that are inferior to the heart and return it to the right atrium. The right atrioventricular valve, also known as the tricuspid valve, prevents backflow of blood traveling from the the right atrium to the right ventricle.

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7. Anchoring the heart valves by the chordae tendinae and the papillary muscles is important to the heart's function because the chordae tendinae attach to the papillary muscles, pulling the chordae tendinae to open and shut the tricuspid valve when the right ventricle contracts, keeping the bood flow back into the right atrium in one direction.

8. The bicuspid valve, similar to the tricuspid valve, located between the left atrium and left ventricle is in charge of preventing backflow of blood.

9. The semi-lunar valves keep blood from going back into the arteries during ventricukar diastole, keeping the blood flowing in one direction.

10.
a)If the valve disease occurs on the right side of the heart, it results in swelling in the feet and ankles because the valves are unable to prevent blood from flowing in it's proper direction, and therefore gravity pulls the blood down and results in backflow.

b)If valve disease occurs on the left side of the body, blood flow to the rest of the body would be inhibited and there would be insufficient flow to the entire body.

11. The coronary arteries are in charge of supplying blood to the heart. The aortic semilunar valves prevent the blood from going back into the ventricles. The chordae tendinae are stringy structures attached to the cusps of valves and the papillary muscles; these muscles allow the chordae tendinae to open and close the valve.

12. In comparison, the right side of the heart is thinner and circulates deoxygenated blood, while the left side is thicker and pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. Deoxygenated blood enters from the superior vena cava and travels through the tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle. It is then carried by the pulmonary veins to the lungs to be oxygenated. Oxygenated blood from the lungs goes into the left atrium through the pulmonary arteries. It then travels through the bicuspid valve and into the left ventricle. From the left ventricle, blood is pumped through the aortic semilunar valve and into the two aortas- the descending aorta carrying oxygenated blood to the lower half of the body and the ascending aorta carrying blood to the upper body. \

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